Newspaper Faces Prosecution In Iran For Revealing Hijab Document

The upcoming vote on March 1 will determine a new parliament and members of the Assembly of Experts (AoE), responsible for selecting a Supreme Leader after the death of Ali Khamenei. However, the interior ministry, controlled by hardliners, has already disqualified numerous sitting lawmakers from seeking re-election, intensifying the controversy surrounding the restricted elections.

Although the official results of the vetting of the AoE candidates are not yet out, Rouhani's supporters seem to be certain about the endorsement of his qualifications, while his hardliner opponents would like to see him barred. Some others have gone out of their ways to spread fake news about his disqualification or even his death on social media.

Rouhani's recent comments about the elections has convinced many political observers that he is adamant to play a key role in the upcoming elections. The former president known as a pragmatist opposed to hardliners argued that the composition of the next AoE is important because it will have do decide about Supreme Leader’s succession.

Rouhani's comments triggered a series of harsh reactions on the part of hardline media including the Kayhan, which is close to Khamenei's office, and Raja News linked to ultraconservative Paydari Party, i.e., Rouhani's arch opponent.

The website wrote that even if all the moderate and pro-reform candidates in parliamentary and AoE elections are disqualified, still approval of Rouhani’s candidacy will lead to a bipolar situation in the elections. No other figure in the moderate camp can usher likeminded candidates into the parliament or the Assembly of Experts, the website wrote, adding that nonetheless, it is difficult to predict the Guardian Council's decision about Rouhani's qualifications.

To shed light on the importance of Rouhani as a charismatic figure in the moderates' camp, Mahmoud Alizadeh Tabatabaei, a spokesman for the Executives of Construction Party, the leading moderate and pro-reform party has said that the centrist group will support the list of candidates that Rouhani would back. This is a centrist party with Rouhani's closest allies and technocrats such as Mohammad Bagher Nobakht and Es'haq Jahangiri at the helm. 

It is the first time that between the two centrist parties, both created by former President Akbar Rafsanjani's aides, Rouhani’s Moderation and Development party will take the lead and the Executives of Construction will follow.

Nevertheless, Alizadeh suggested that the entrenched core of regime insiders is unlikely to permit the emergence of a robust minority faction in the upcoming parliament. He contended that the hardliners have effectively strengthened their control to the extent that even some within their own ranks may struggle to secure seats in the next parliamentary session and assembly.

Meanwhile, pro-reform daily Arman-e Melli warned hardliners in a commentary on Monday that "disqualifying Rouhani will be costly for you, not for him." The daily added: "You cannot send him to the country's political parking area."

Arman-e Melli reported that hardliners are actively seeking Rouhani's disqualification, employing mosques, podiums, and meetings to rally against him, aiming to erase him from the Iranian political landscape. They are determined to convey to Rouhani that his era of political influence is over, urging him to retreat into isolation at home.

Conversely, Rouydad24 highlighted that Hassan Rouhani stands out as the most recognizable candidate for the Assembly of Experts elections, surpassing other candidates in terms of public familiarity. Despite facing criticism, especially for perceived shortcomings in controlling economic challenges, his strong presence on social media remains a significant advantage. The platform noted that this popularity on social media could enhance his chances of securing public support.

Nevertheless, asserting that the people will have the decisive influence in Iranian elections remains challenging.

Born in Washington, DC, to a father with diplomatic immunity, Sobhani applied to renew his passport in February, expecting a routine process. However, he received a shocking letter from the State Department, stating that he should not have been granted citizenship at birth and instructing him to apply for lawful permanent residence.

“I’m waiting for an interview but does that mean I wait another year for an interview?” he said. “Then another three years for the next step? Then another 10 years before I can travel outside of the country?”

The letter clarified that individuals born in the US to parents with diplomatic immunity do not automatically acquire citizenship. As his father was on a job at the Iranian Embassy, Sobhani was born at Walter Reed Army Medical Center in 1961. After living in Turkey during his childhood, he returned to the US for education, earning degrees from George Washington University and Boston University before attending Georgetown Medical School.

Concerned about the implications for his medical practice, Social Security benefits, and attendance at his son's wedding, Sobhani diligently followed the directive to apply for permanent residence. However, he faces uncertainty regarding the timeline and fears prolonged bureaucratic delays. Having already incurred over $40,000 in legal fees, he expresses concern about potential hurdles and the inability to visit family and friends abroad.

Tasnim News Agency, affiliated with the Revolutionary Guard, reported that the deceased have been identified through DNA tests. Four of the fighters hailed from Tehran, while the remaining four were from Kermanshah, Golestan, Gilan, and Qazvin provinces. The report did not specify when or in which part of Syria the militants were killed.

However, on November 13, a war monitor reported that at least eight pro-Iran fighters, including one Syrian and Iraqi nationals, were killed in US strikes in eastern Syria.

Washington announced the raids as a response to attacks on American forces the day before. Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin stated, “US military forces conducted precision strikes on facilities in eastern Syria used by Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) and Iran-affiliated groups in response to continued attacks against US personnel in Iraq and Syria.”

Israeli and US armed forces also carried out separate airstrikes targeting Iranian-backed groups in Syria on November 9, killing a total of 12 fighters.

The recent increase in attacks on US troops is linked to the ongoing conflict between Israel and Hamas, which escalated following a cross-border attack by the Iran-backed Palestinian militant group from Gaza on October 7.

There are approximately 2,500 American troops in Iraq and around 900 in Syria, part of the broader effort to prevent a resurgence of the ISIS group.

The commander of the Revolutionary Guard’s navy, Alireza Tangsiri, announced on Tuesday that “We have photos and films about all their movements,” referring to the US naval task force, headed by the aircraft carrier Dwight D. Eisenhower, that has entered the Persian Gulf. 

In an age of satellites and surveillance drones, this is a simplistic statement, to say the least, and not clear what it intends to prove. But this is not the only such statement in recent weeks. Iranian commanders have been making claims of military prowess and deploying new weapons systems since the Gaza war broke out and the US deployed two naval strike forces in the region.

The commander of Iran’s aerospace force, Gen. Amir-Ali Hajizadeh declared on November 13 that “Iran is currently at the pinnacle of its power and cannot be threatened.” He went on to say the United States was engaging in diplomacy with Iran using a “language of requests and pleas” amid attacks by Iranian proxy groups on American bases in the region.

While officials try to claim that they were not aware of the October 7 Hamas attack and have nothing to do with strikes by militant groups on US bases, they also try to present these as success to domestic audiences.

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The Islamic Republic has found itself in a precarious situation since the October 7 Hamas terror attack, as Israel responded with overwhelming force in Gaza. After years of propaganda about the readiness of the regime to support war against “the Zionist enemy,” suddenly the rulers in Tehran found themselves in a situation to prove their threats. However, they chose not to get directly involved in the war. Similarly, Hezbollah, Tehran’s crown jewel proxy force, also chose not to engage in a full war with Israel.

Many Iranians on social media began to ridicule officials, saying that they should go to Gaza and fight, while Hamas was being pummeled by the Israelis.

In response, a throng of IRGC officers and officials have made triumphant statements that Israel is all but defeated and is taking its last breath. They have praised Hamas for emulating the spirit of the Islamic Republic in resisting Israel and the United States.

Iran’s minister of defense, Mohammad-Reza Ashtiani on Monday declared that Iran has complete dominance in the region, and that is the reason the United States blames Tehran for every event. “The Americans attribute any event to us because they know that Iran has dominance, and it is the Islamic Republic of Iran that takes the lead in the region."

Mojtaba Abtahi an official in charge of Gaza issues, appearing on state television, insisted that Hamas is in a strong position and added, “With the Hamas attack on Israel, a new world has been created.” He claimed that the people of Gaza are “happy” about current conditions and “Have a lot of hope about the future.”

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But core loyalists also make strange declarations about other issues. A senior cleric was quoted on Monday as saying that people should get used to living on less, and that will solve the country’s economic crisis. "If we want to address the major economic challenges of the country, we need to instill a culture of contentment and satisfaction in the hearts and minds of individuals,” Ayatollah Mohammad-Reza Naseri declared. He is Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei’s representative in Yazd province. Citizens, whose living standards have drastically declined in the past five years, view such declaration with contempt, knowing that officials do not need to worry about putting food on the table.

Saleh Mottahari-Rad, the legal and parliamentary affairs deputy of the provincial law enforcement commander in Khuzestan province, made the announcement regarding the execution.

According to Mottahari-Rad, the prisoner was accused of killing an officer named Yaser Sepidrou and a Basij militia member named Mohammad Ali Kazemi.

The incident reportedly occurred on December 3, 2019, in Shadegan county and according to media outlets the convict was apprehended on the spot for the murder charge, but the location of the execution has not been disclosed.

Local media have refrained from disclosing the name and identity of the executed person.

Simultaneously, the execution sentence of at least three other inmates—Hamid Bakhshayesh, Eqbal Fat’hollahi, and Mohsen Amrayi—was carried out in Ghezel Hesar Prison in Karaj. The three individuals were sentenced to death on charges related to drug offenses.

In mid-November, both the UN Human Rights Committee and Antonio Guterres, the Secretary-General of the United Nations, expressed concerns in separate statements about the accelerated implementation of death sentences in Iran. The UN Human Rights Committee's report emphasized the severity of executions in Iran, covering charges related to drug crimes and insulting the government and religion.

On November 2, the UN published a report stating that the Islamic Republic executed at least 419 individuals in the first seven months of the current year. This figure represents a 30% increase compared to the same period in 2022.