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Iranians Outraged By Government Steps To Limit Internet Access

Maryam Sinaiee
Maryam Sinaiee

Iran International

Feb 23, 2022, 11:24 GMT+0Updated: 17:40 GMT+1

A new move in the parliament to restrict freedom of access to global Internet and popular social media platforms has outraged Iranians from every walk of life.

"You have no right to treat people as if they aren't able to make decisions for themselves or as if they are mentally incapacitated…Representatives of people have no right to act against the wishes of their constituents. You can't impose something if people don't want it, even if it's against what you deem beneficial to them," Masoud Pirhadi, chief editor of conservative Resalat newspaper tweeted Tuesday in reaction to the approval of the general outlines of a bill to enforce restrictions on the internet and access to various apps and platforms.

An ad hoc parliamentary committee on Tuesday approved the outlines of the controversial bill ironically entitled 'Legislation to Protect Cyberspace Users'. The legislation results in broad restriction of social messaging platforms and access to the global net, in addition to extensive blockage of thousands of websites and most social media platforms.

Hours later, the parliament's own Regulations and Bylaws Division in a statement said the committee had broken the law in ratifying a different version of the bill referred to it for examination and approval.

Those behind the hasty approval of the outlines of the bill, however, are adamant that their move was legal.

The committee's move added salt to the wounds of many who have been affected by the growing plunge in the speed of internet in the past two months. The slow internet has affected many areas of life from navigation of taxis and cars to tens of thousands of large and small online businesses that rely on Instagram, as well as government and public online services.

Slow speed also disrupts access to circumvention software and VPNs which an overwhelming majority of Iranians routinely use to access blocked websites and applications including platforms such as Facebook and You Tube and messaging applications such as WhatsApp.

Authorities also appear to have. simultaneously reduced the bandwidth for Instagram and WhatsApp which makes them very hard or impossible to access.

Speaking at a cabinet meeting Wednesday, President Ebrahim Raisi tried to calm the public by saying that the communications ministry must provide "safe, high quality, and fast internet" to the people.

Many immediately took to social media to tell Raisi that "safe" is only another word for "censored", as the government and parliament have used the term in Persian. They republished remarks by Abdolnaser Hemmati, Raisi's rival, during the election debates in June about the president's vision of "safe internet": " Iran is not North Korea, Mr Raisi. Your 'safe internet' means shutting down Instagram!".

Criticism of the parliament and government's plans for restricting internet freedom is not limited to the opposition. Resalat newspaper, the mouthpiece of the Islamic Coalition Party (Motalefeh), in an editorial Wednesday criticized the plan. "Tyranny is haram in Islam," the editorial said, meaning religiously forbidden.

"How can we expect people not to be afraid of wide-ranging filtering [of websites]? How can we expect people not to be reminded of November 2019 [anti-government protests]?" the editorial asked in a clear reference to the nearly complete internet blackout for over a week during the protests.

"The rulers must not impose something on people even if it is reasonable, which in this case it definitely is not, and people are strongly against it, which in this case they definitely are, and should surrender to people's will even if it is a misstep," Resalat wrote.

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Iran's Parliament Speaker In Hot Water After Corruption Allegations

Feb 23, 2022, 09:01 GMT+0
•
Iran International Newsroom

The Speaker of Iran's parliament Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf has come under fire from conservatives after being implicated in a major financial corruption case.

Many among the public and some reformist politicians have also demanded a serious probe, leaving the Speaker vulnerable to serious pressure.

Earlier this month a leaked audio tape resurfaced in which two top Revolutionary Guard generals, former commander-in-chief Mohammad Ali Jafari and his deputy for financial affairs Sadeq Zolqadrnia are heard discussing a major corruption case. The top-secret tape revealed that over $3 billion disappeared in an IRGC-linked company and is still unaccounted for after several years.

Ghalibaf’s name comes up in the recording as the lead person who as mayor of Tehran at the time wants to cover up the embezzlement by involving the city administration in a fake contract to account for the lost money.

Hardliner cleric Hamid Rasaei, who is a member of the largest ultra-conservative faction in parliament (Majles), has charged in an article that Ghalibaf's aides clamp down on anyone who even thinks that the Speaker was involved in financial corruption.

Rasaei wrote: "The members of a clan who worship Ghalibaf do not like anyone to talk about the matter or criticize him." He was pointing to those aides who have tried to protect Ghalibaf from corruption allegations using his friendship with former IRGC Qods Force commander Qasem Soleimani, killed in a US drone strike in January 2020.

If you do criticize Ghalibaf, said Rasaei in a series of tweets, then you will come under attack by the pro-Ghalibaf media artillery. He posted screenshots of articles on several websites that attacked him and reformist activist Mostafa Tajzadeh who has also asked why nobody probes the financial case involving Ghalibaf.

Ghalibaf supporters have argued that Soleimani knew about the dealings in question and therefore the affair had nothing corrupt in it.

Rasaei has also written to the head of the Iranian armed forces judicial office asking it to shed light on the contents of the leaked audio file, without mentioning Ghalibaf.

He also charged that Ghalibaf's media adviser has tarnished the image of the IRGC and Soleimani to protect his boss.

Meanwhile prominent conservative activist Hossein Kanani Moghaddam told the press that it was unfair to sacrifice Soleimani’s reputation to protect Ghalibaf. He called on IRGC commanders and particularly former commander Mohammad Ali Jafari to shed light on the case and not allow Ghalibaf’s aides to tarnish Soleimani's image. He called the actions of an aide "a plot against Soleimani and the IRGC," a damning accusation that could entail dangerous repercussions.

"It was an unmanly act to try to whitewash Ghalibaf's corruption by levelling accusations against Soleimani," Kanani Moghaddam said. He also called on Ghalibaf to be accountable for what he has done to save the IRGC's face.

The attacks on Ghalibaf are however, not solely motivated by a desire to restore justice. Most of the attacks come from the members and media outlets of the ultraconservative Paydari Party, Ghalibaf's main rival at the parliament. During the past two years, Ghalibaf gave or solicited top jobs for his rivals in Paydari to establish his role as the speaker of the Majles. Now Paydari appears to be poised to unseat Ghalibaf when an annual election for Majles Speaker is slated to take place.

The only one who can save Ghalibaf and help him out of the trouble, is Ghalibaf’s relative, Iran’s Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei who saved him once by ordering everyone not to dwell on the case when it first surfaced in 2017.

Teachers Say There Will Be ‘Uprising’ In Iran If Wages Not Increased

Feb 22, 2022, 21:26 GMT+0
•
Maryam Sinaiee

Thousands of teachers Tuesday threatened an “uprising” if higher pay was not offered by President Ebrahim Raisi and Parliament Speaker Mohammad-Bagher Ghalibaf.

"Raisi, Ghalibaf, This is the last call. Teachers' movement is prepared for an uprising", teachers chanted in protests in Shiraz, Fars province (video), and Shahr-e Kord in Chahr Mahal province (video), as well as Ilam in Ilam province, and around 50 other cities.

The same slogan appeared on banners and posters in all rallies, including Tehran where teachers protested in front of the parliament.

There were also chants against the state broadcaster (IRIB), which has not covered earlier protests. "Enough Oppression and Injustice. There's Nothing on Our Tables" and "The Country Has Become A Thieves' Den. Sanctions Are Only an Excuse," chanted protesters in Najafabad in Esfahan province, dismissing any notion that Iran’s economic troubles were anything to do with United States ‘maximum pressure’ imposed in 2018.

A female teacher in Anzali (video), Gilan province, lambasted Iran’s authorities for teachers’ ills. "We weren't the ones who looted the Melli (National) Bank, we weren't the ones who pillaged the Teachers' Savings Fund, we weren't the ones who looted the Development Fund. We don't own villas and gardens in Canada [like some former officials]. We weren't the ones who smuggled important national documents out of the country. We are right here, beside you. We are easy to find, we are in schools, classes and with your children, brothers, and sisters.”

Female teachers gathered outside the Iranian parliament. February 22, 2022
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Female teachers gathered outside the Iranian parliament on Tuesday.

And it didn’t stop there. "Taking the teachers by the neck, dragging them on the ground, kicking them, is nothing you could be proud of,” she opined. “You must take the looters and pillagers if order in the country is important, if security in the country is important.” A teacher in Esfahan said in her speech Tuesday who also said that after thirty years of service she now must work as a cab driver to make ends meet.

Equal pay with other civil servants

This was the fifth nationwide protest by teachers in the past two months as they demand implementation of decade-old legislation that would bring the salaries and pensions of 750,000 teachers in line with other civil servants.

The budget bill that President Ebrahim Raisi presented to parliament December 12 proposes a 14-percent increase in the education ministry's budget but does not earmark resources for a teachers’ pay rise.

Food prices have risen by more than 60 percent this year, on top of high inflation in the four years since a jump from 9.6 percent in 2017 to 30.2 percent in 2018 and around 40 percent in 2021.

Some scuffles were reported during the demonstrations on Tuesday and security forces arrested at least two more teachers, Solmaz Feyzollahzadeh in Karaj in Alborz Province and Ali Hasan-Bahamin in Shiraz in Fars Province.

Teachers, whose rallies are organized by the Coordination Council of Iranian Teachers’ Union, also demanded the release of colleagues arrested in earlier protests. Shabnam Baharfar, a teacher arrested in Karaj Saturday, is still in custody but others arrested the same day have been released. Some scuffles were reported during the demonstrations on Tuesday.

Iran’s Parliament Adopts Bill To Further Restrict Internet

Feb 22, 2022, 16:07 GMT+0

Iran's parliament has approved the general outline of a bill to enforce restrictions on the internet and access to various apps and platforms in the country.

The bill, ironically titled Legislation to Protect Cyberspace Users’ Rights, was passed by the so-called Joint Siyanat Committee on Tuesday.

Instead of voting in a general session, the bill was sent for final approval to the committee, as has been the case with many recent controversial legislations.

Many internet users and some media outlets in Iran have said that the implementation of this plan has practically started in in recent weeks as the authorities reduced bandwidth and slowed broadband as a means of censorship.

Reza Taghipour, former communications minister and a Tehran representative, who heads the committee on cyberspace, said on Tuesday that foreign companies should abide by the new Iranian law to remain active in the country.

The new law would require foreign and domestic social-media networks and messaging applications to register with a regulatory and supervisory board, including representatives of the intelligence ministry and the intelligence organization of the Revolutionary Guards.

The ministry of communications and information technology would be charged with blocking social networks and messaging applications that failed to gain approval.

Iran has restricted access to the internet for two decades and popular social media platforms such as Facebook and You Tube for the past ten years. An overwhelming majority of Iranians routinely use circumvention software to go around government blockages.

Taxis Lost, Online Meetings Disrupted As ‘Censors’ Slow Iran Internet

Feb 21, 2022, 21:24 GMT+0

In tweets, Mostafa Arani, chief editor of 7Sobh newspaper has said Iranian authorities are restricting bandwidth and slowing broadband as a means of censorship.

Arani has warned of a plunge in the rate of data transfer (bandwidth) allocated to Instagram, the only major social media platform not filtered, and a reduced general speed of mobile and fixed broadband.

According to Arani, an expert in informational technology, reduced bandwidth slows access to Instagram, by prolonging the ping time and preventing the page to load as if blocked. Instagram, owned by Meta platforms, formerly called Facebook, has over 47 million users in Iran.

On Monday check-host.net data showed a ping server time of 85.4 milliseconds (ms) for Instagram from IP addresses in Tehran, 16.5 ms from Istanbul, 1.0 ms from Paris, and 54.4 ms from Karaganda, Kazakhstan.

Unlike Instagram, WhatsApp messaging applications is filtered but nearly every Iranian with a smartphone has installed anti-filtering software that allows access to filtered applications and websites. Anti-filtering software, however, will time out if the internet speed is low. Nonetheless, with over 50 million users, WhatsApp is the most popular messaging and social media platform in Iran.

Shargh, the reformist newspaper, said Monday its investigation showed serious disruption in Instagram traffic over two months. According to Shargh, the disruption happened every day after 5:00 pm – which would make Instagram obsolete if continued.

World Speedtest rankings

Iran now ranks 77th, two places behind Israel, six behind Ireland, and two ahead of Ethiopia in the Speedtest Global Index for mobile internet. Fixed broadband speed is 141st, almost at the same level as Benin, the Western Sahara, and Nigeria, while 18 places ahead of Lebanon, which has suffered years of civil war and instability. Afghanistan was last of 179 countries in the list.

Two months ago Iran ranked 70th in mobile internet speed and it has dropped by 7 points. Social media users complain that the speed of mobile internet and fixed broadband has dropped and their access to social media and messaging applications has noticeably diminished in the past few weeks.

Some businesses relying on Instagram now say they fear bankruptcy, with online meetings impossible despite the Covid pandemic. Taxis and cars are getting lost because their GPS devices fail to function. Students who have to study online, with classes and exams disrupted, are frustrated.

Maryam Shokrani, journalist with 23,000 Instagram followers, shared a screenshot on Twitter Monday flashing "Session not found" as an example of how her online activities were curtailed.

"We are kicked out of online sessions all the time, the sound comes and goes, and at the end we don't know what happens in the session,” she wrote. “Now the minister of communications, Isa Zarepour, says those who complain about low speed are making a fuss!"

"The clandestine filtering of Instagram and WhatsApp through gradual reduction of bandwidth is much more unethical than official filtering because it is a sign of deceit, weakness, irresponsibility," Roozbeh Alamdari, editor of Jamaran, a reformist news website, tweeted Monday.

Iran Court Sentences Princeton's Mousavian In Corruption Case

Feb 21, 2022, 19:47 GMT+0

A former Iranian diplomat who is currently a Princeton University scholar has been sentenced to 11 months in prison over his role in a corruption case in Iran.

Iranian Judiciary Spokesman Zabihollah Khodayian said on Monday Hossein Mousavian was an advisor in a €2-billion case in the Persian Gulf island of Kish in the 2000s.

According to Khodayian, Mousavian brokered a deal to give 200 hectares of the island and 100 thousand square meters of its territorial waters to a third party but the resort project was never carried out.

Earlier in January, his remarks in a documentary to mark Qasem Soleimani’s second death anniversary led to controversy when he gloated about how Iran’s threat to avenge Soleimani killing frightened the wife of Brian Hook, Washington’s special envoy for Iran at the time.

Advocacy group United Against Nuclear Iran (UANI) has also called on Princeton “to dismiss him from any association or affiliation with the university without delay”, noting that “Mousavian’s affiliation with Princeton is a stain on the university’s reputation and credibility”.

UANI described him as “an agent of the Iranian regime” who is currently employed as a Middle East and nuclear policy specialist at the university.

Late in December, an American academic who was imprisoned in Iran for 1,216 days, said Mousavian is sympathetic to the Iranian regime, claiming that he stymied efforts to free him from prison.

Mousavian, who traveled to Iran to attend the funeral service of Soleimani, was Tehran’s ambassador to Germany when four Iranian dissidents were assassinated at Berlin's Mykonos restaurant in 1992.